Arthur's Rock
Also known as: Arthur's Rock Sanctuary
A walk-in no-take sanctuary in Mabini, the rock where Chromodoris dianae was first collected in 1996, with its richest coral at 3 to 4 metres.
Last updated August 2026
The dive
Wade in off the beach and the best of the reef is already under you. Live hard coral here measured 59 percent at three to four metres against 22 percent at seven to eight, and the monitoring that took those figures puts the gap down to poorer visibility at depth, competition from soft coral, and the way this reef is built1. Almost everywhere else you descend to find the good part. Here you swim out over it.
Below the shelf the ground goes down as a boulder slope, coral on the tops and soft coral and sand further out. The site gets called a submerged pinnacle standing in sand, a slope, and a rocky wall by turns, and all three are recognisable once you are in the water.
Frogfish are what people come back with. Two divers photographed one here seven months apart in 2021, one of them out in the open and swimming, which frogfish mostly do not do, and another watched one take a fish faster than a camera could follow.
The school of bigeye trevally is the other draw and the honest answer on it is a shrug. Divers report it shallow, at the point where the reef drops off a little, and they have disagreed since at least 2018 about whether it still holds station here. Come for the reef.
Seventy-minute dives are normal on this site, which is what a shallow profile at the bottom of a set of steps allows.
What makes it special
Chromodoris dianae was collected here for the first time on 17 April 1996, and the animal that fixed the species is catalogued as CASIZ 1064642. The record names the rock, the day and the collector. It gives no depth and no position, which stands out in a list where every other type specimen carries a depth.
The species turned out to be two species. Material once held as paratypes of dianae now belongs to Chromodoris alcalai, whose own type locality is Kirby's Rock, three and a half kilometres across the water2. Two rocks on one coast, two nudibranchs that were a single animal in the literature for over twenty years.
Protection here rates level 3 on a four-rung scale3. Twin Rocks holds the top rung and the Cathedral sanctuary the bottom one, and Arthur's sits between them with the infrastructure in place and an open note on enforcement.
That middle position is doing real work, because twenty years of no-take protection here produced a split result. The coral recovered from storm damage and from illegal fishing, and was still holding when it was last measured. The fish people eat did not improve at all, species diversity fell, and fishing pressure from waters just outside the boundary and the possibility of poaching are named as likely reasons3. A line on a chart governs the boats inside it and nothing else.
History and origin
Arturo Abrigonda was a boatman before he was a resort owner. In the 1980s, one account dating it to 1984, he and a German friend built two rooms on the hillside above this reef, and the place grew into one of Anilao's pioneer dive resorts. Everybody called him Arthur. He died in September 2002 and his wife Lita kept it running. Local accounts of diving on this coast credit the site's name to him.
That makes this the one dive along this shore whose name has a documented person behind it. Kirby's Rock has no such story and neither do the other possessives up and down the coast.
The sanctuary came first. Arthur's Rock was declared no-take in 1991 by municipal ordinance of Mabini, alongside Twin Rocks and Cathedral Rock, covering about 17.9 hectares and run by a committee in the barangay3. So the reef had already been protected for five years by the time the nudibranch was lifted off it.
Know before you go
Look at the current before you carry your kit to the water. The one chart that grades current site by site rates this reef moderate to strong, and it gives that mark to none of the reefs beside it. It is also one of the few dives here you can enter on foot. That pairing is what catches people out.
Get clear of the reef flat before you descend. The best coral on this site sits in the first few metres, which is the exact ground a shore entry crosses on the way out and again on the way back.
Frogfish are the reason a lot of people dive this reef with a macro lens, and paddle-flap scorpionfish (Rhinopias eschmeyeri) are reported here as well. Both hold still and read as reef, and the scorpionfish carries venomous spines. Stay off the bottom, hover instead of settling, and let the guide point rather than closing in for the angle yourself.
Ascend on the mooring line. Boundary signs are up here and there are enough anchor buoys installed for the boats working the site3. Do not carry that assumption to the next reef along. The signs earn their place twice over: they also tell you where the protected ground stops, and on a reef with poaching named as a live possibility, staying inside them is the point.
Then the part a shallow walk-in reef makes easy to skip. No recompression chamber is confirmed operating in Anilao. The nearest one evidenced as working is in Metro Manila, roughly 140 kilometres and two and a half to three hours by road, and that clock only starts once a banca has run you back to shore, fifteen to thirty minutes. Arthur's sits on the Mabini mainland and you can walk out of it, so nothing has to cross the strait first. Check the boat has oxygen, carry insurance that covers hyperbaric treatment and the transfer, and put DAN Asia-Pacific in your phone: +61 8 8212 9242.
Why Dive Arthur's Rock
What makes this dive site stand out.
- Holotype locality of Chromodoris dianae
The specimen the species was described from was collected here on 17 April 1996
- Named after a Batangas boatman
Arturo Abrigonda, known as Arthur, who built one of Anilao's pioneer dive resorts
- Walk-in no-take sanctuary
The beach in front of it puts you over protected reef without a boat
- Coral is richest shallow
Live hard coral ran 59 percent at 3 to 4 m and 22 percent at 7 to 8 m in 2011
- A frogfish reputation
Photographed here repeatedly, including one swimming and one taking a fish
Depth & Profile
Location
13.7039°N, 120.8728°E
Conditions & difficulty
Summary
The grade covers the full profile, and three things push it up: a current rating of moderate to strong, which the one chart publishing a per-site current column gives to few of the dives it covers and to none of this reef's neighbours; a working depth around 25 m with one operator range reaching 30; and visibility that gets worse as you descend instead of better. The shallow shelf on a calm day is an easy dive and the page says so.
Safety considerations
What can go wrong here, and what divers do about it. Conditions change - take the briefing from the operator on the day.
- Current: The one chart that grades current site by site rates this reef moderate to strong, a mark it gives to few of the dives it covers and to none of the reefs beside it, and this is a site you can walk into from the beach.Check which way it is running before the entry, agree a turn point, and plan the return leg against it rather than with it.
- Site rules: The best coral on this reef is in the first few metres, which is the exact ground a shore entry crosses on the way out and back.Get clear of the reef flat before you descend, and cross it in mid-water on the way back in. No standing, no kneeling, no kicking your way down over it.
- Visibility: Visibility here is worse at depth than in the shallows, which is the opposite of what most divers expect and is part of why the deep coral is thin.Agree a lost-buddy procedure before you get in, and treat the deep half of the profile as the low-visibility half.
- Marine life: Frogfish are the site's signature and paddle-flap scorpionfish (Rhinopias eschmeyeri) are reported here too. Both sit motionless and look like the reef, and the scorpionfish is venomous.Stay off the reef and hover instead of settling. Let the guide point the animal out from a distance.
- Surface and boat traffic: Dive boats work above this sanctuary, and it has enough anchor buoys installed for them.Ascend on the mooring line where there is one, and carry an SMB for an open-water ascent.
- Remote location: No recompression chamber is confirmed operating in Anilao. A shallow reef you can walk into is exactly where the evacuation question gets left unasked.Check the boat has oxygen, carry insurance that covers hyperbaric treatment and the transfer, and put DAN Asia-Pacific in your phone: +61 8 8212 9242.
Marine Life
Regulations
Arthur's Rock Sanctuary
A no-take sanctuary of about 17.9 hectares, declared in 1991 by municipal ordinance of Mabini and sitting inside the 356 hectare Mabini Marine Reserve. No fishing. Diving is permitted, with no quota, no permit and no advance booking, and a committee in the barangay manages the area. The municipal conservation fee charged per diver per day across these waters applies here too and normally lands on the accommodation bill. Ask your operator what your package already covers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who was Arthur, and is the rock really named after him?▾
Arturo Abrigonda was a boatman in Batangas who became one of Anilao's pioneer dive-resort owners. He built a two-room place on the hillside above this reef in the 1980s, one account dating it to 1984, with help from a German friend, and everyone called him Arthur. He died in September 2002 and his wife Lita carried the business on. Two separate lines of telling agree on the man, and one of them is his own family's. The link from the man to the dive site is thinner: exactly one account states outright that the rock was named after him. So the person is well attested and the naming is a local story, and this page keeps the two apart. It is still more than any other named rock on this coast can offer, because nobody can tell you who Kirby was.
How deep is Arthur's Rock?▾
Between about 5 and 25 metres, with most of the dive shallower than 21, and this is the least certain number on the page. Two operators publish figures for the site and they are 5 metres apart, at 25 and 30. A third gives 70 feet or less as the ceiling for its own house-reef diving, which sits just under both. Nobody has published a logged computer profile from this reef, no survey states a dive depth for it, and the scientific collection made here carries no depth at all. There is also a maximum of 70 feet, about 21 metres, in circulation for Arthur's Rock, and it is not corroboration for anything: those are a neighbouring site's numbers, shifted one row up a chart into a blank where this site's depths should have been. The chart they were taken from leaves this site's depth column deliberately empty while giving figures for everything else it lists, which is worth more than a confident number.
Will I see Chromodoris dianae at Arthur's Rock?▾
Probably not, and the honest version of why is more interesting than a yes. Arthur's Rock is the holotype locality of the species, which means the single specimen that formally fixes what Chromodoris dianae is was collected here, on 17 April 1996, by a collector recorded as Jerry Allen. That is a fact about taxonomy and it promises nothing about a Tuesday. The animal is not confined to this rock either: the same scientific record lists material from Mindoro, Bauan, Cebu, Romblon and Lubang. One thing the record does not give is a depth or a position for the collection, unlike every other type specimen listed beside it, so there is no band of reef anyone can point you at. Dive it for the coral and the frogfish and treat a chromodorid as a bonus.
Is the school of jacks still at Arthur's Rock?▾
Divers have been arguing about that since at least 2018 and nothing has been counted to settle it. One diver who used to dive here often says there was a big swarm of bigeye trevally around the rock and thinks most of them have moved along the coast. Another reports his uncles last saw them in 2018. The diver who posted the video that started the exchange, and who dives the site, says they are still there. A first-hand account from 2026 describes schooling jacks in the shallows as a reliable feature, which is the most recent word and points the same way. Where they are said to be is consistent across all of it: shallow, at the point where the reef drops off a little. Nobody can promise them, and unlike the sanctuary a few minutes up this shore, no survey ever put a number on this school.
Has protection actually worked at Arthur's Rock?▾
Half of it has, and the split is the most useful thing measured here. Twenty years after the sanctuary was declared, the coral had recovered from storm damage and past illegal fishing and was holding steady, with new growth in the shallows. Target fish, meaning the species people eat, had not improved, and species diversity had fallen. Fishing pressure from waters just outside the boundary and the possibility of poaching are named as likely reasons. A no-take line stops the boats inside it and does nothing about the boats outside it. This page gives no trend figure for target fish, deliberately: the counts recorded for 2005 and 2011 go up while a statistical test run across the same two years says they went down significantly, and picking whichever direction suits the page would be dishonest. What is not in doubt is the qualitative finding, and the single-year 2011 measurements, which put all-reef fish density and diversity here in good condition.
Can you dive Arthur's Rock from the beach, and does that make it an easy site?▾
You can, and no. Shore access is genuinely unusual for a sanctuary on this coast and it is the reason people dive this reef two and three times in a trip, with 70-minute dives normal. The complication is the current. The one chart that grades it site by site puts this reef at moderate to strong and none of its neighbours anywhere near that, which is an odd thing to find on a dive you can walk into. The shallow shelf on a calm day is an easy dive and plenty of people learn on it. The site as a whole is graded moderate, on the current, on a working depth near 25 metres, and on visibility that gets worse the deeper you go. Look at the water before you carry your kit down.
How does Arthur's Rock compare to the other Mabini sanctuaries?▾
Four sanctuaries on this stretch were rated for how well they are managed, and Arthur's came out in the middle. Twin Rocks scored 4, the top of the scale and the highest of any protected area in Mabini. Arthur's Rock and Batalang Bato scored 3. The Cathedral sanctuary scored 2, held down by fishing inside its boundaries and by having no markers or signs in the water at all. What the middle rung buys at Arthur's is visible: the boundaries are signed, so you can tell where the sanctuary is, and there are enough anchor buoys for the boats that work it. The open item is enforcement, and it is the same one the fish counts point at. Three of the four were declared in the same year under the same ordinance, and twenty years later they were not in the same condition.
References
- 1.Coastal Conservation and Education Foundation — Summary Field Report: Saving Philippine Reefs. Coral Reef Monitoring Expedition to Mabini and Tingloy, Batangas, March 20-28, 2011
- 2.Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology (Association of Systematic Biologists of the Philippines) — Sleuthing cryptic Chromodorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): adding to Philippine marine biodiversity
- 3.Coastal Conservation and Education Foundation — Summary Field Report: Saving Philippine Reefs. Coral Reef Monitoring Expedition to Mabini and Tingloy, Batangas, March 20-28, 2011
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